Chewing sticks were used for centuries before modern toothbrushes were invented.
 
The abrasive friction between the plant fibers and the surface of the tooth can reduce dental plaque buildup and remove food stains.
 
As far as the antimicrobial actions of chewing stick is concerned, literature has shown that the risk of dental caries (tooth decay) identified was 9.35 times more in subjects using toothbrush than those using chewing sticks.